Basically, it is a scam where lonely foreign man gets "hooked" on pictures of a nice-looking girl from Roumania, "wishing to marry" a foreigner. Whoever is behind the scam will try to get as much money out of the unsuspecting foreigner as possible.
Most scams have something to do with one or more of the following:
- man sending money for the girl's travel expenses
- man sending money for emergency medical expenses for the girl or her relatives
- man paying for the girl's internet cafe / marriage agency expenses
- man being asked to cash a check for the girl
- man being asked to call the girl (expensive toll number is used)
Phase #1. Approaching the victim
Scammer (be it a man or a woman) finds a set of pictures of an attractive girl 18-40 years old (or, if the scammer IS an attractive girl, she uses her own pictures) and places personal ads in as many international dating catalogs as possible.
Alot scammers actively seek out new potential victims rather than wait for the victims to come to them. Most often scammers use Yahoo Personals or similar big online dating web sites to approach their potential victims. WARNING! if a lady from Roumania contacts you first on a large dating site, it's a big red flag!
Phase 2: Building the trust and seducing the victim
After a while the letters from single men from all over the world start arriving. The scammer replies positively to all of them and the process begins.
Since a lot of letters need to be answered, the scammer usually does not have the ability to answer all of them individually. Therefore a standard set of letters exists and the scammer typically uses these pre-written letters to correspond with all potential victims.
As a results of using the sets of pre-written letters, scammers tend to ignore questions posted to them, write about the same thing twice, answer questions only at the very beginning or at the very end of each letter, etc.
On the other hand, some scammers do not use prewritten letters and do answer each potential victim individually. They either learned that prewritten letters do not fly anymore, or they do not have that many people writing to them. Some of them choose to work only 1 or 2 potential victims a month to maintain the quality of communication process.
In his/her letters, the scammer is usually very flattering, romantic and seductive. The scammer explains to each potential victim that he/she feels "something special" about him. Almost all scammers tell their victims that "this the the first time she uses the internet to get aquatinted with a man".
To speed up the process the scammer "falls in love" with each of the potential victims literally within two to six weeks. Sometimes at the same time many scammers would announce that their yearly vacation time (usually 2 weeks) is coming up.
A common theme amount the "set up" letters of this phase are:
the scammer starts to call the guy "my love", "my prince", "my sunshine", "my best friend", "my future husband", etc
the scammers starts to sign her letters "your princess", "your love", "your future wife", etc. Lots of kisses and hugs are given at the end of each letter.
the letters become intensely long, flowery and romantic, almost like something out of a love novel
some romantic poems may be inserted in the letters
the scammer tells the victim that she is daydreaming a lot, and her friends tease her about it
the scammer "discussed" her new "love" with her mother, or father, or grandparent, or best friend, and receives their blessing and approval
the scammer tell the victim that she is experiencing sexual dreams about him
her pictures become very seductive
she tells the victim about her friend such and such, who also found a guy through the internet and went to his country and how they live happily together and how she envies their happiness.
she tells the victim that her desire to see the object of her "love" is so strong, that it is overwhelming to her. The scammers even sometimes write, "I can't live with you, I can't breathe without you, seeing you is necessary to me to live".
the words "I LOVE YOU" appear in capital letters, sometimes repeated 6-10 times with a zillion of exclamation points
the scammer will tell the victim about her dreams of their first meeting (usually in the airport, when SHE arrives to the guy)
Phase 3: Asking for money
Once the fact that the scammer is "deeply in love" is well established, the scammer begins the real preparation. She becomes extremely eager to meet in person, so she decides to find out what her options are as far as visas and travel fare.
The scammer will "announce the good news" (that she found out how to obtain the visa) in one of the letters shortly after explaining her undying love. She will tell that she has found out everything she needs to do to receive a tourist (work, student) visa. She will be all bubbly and excited about the opportunity. She will explain in detail how much it will cost to get the visa and the tickets, and how to send the necessary amount to get things going.
At first, most scammers start with a small amount - $350-$500 for the visa. Some scammers also ask for "hotel" money for their hotel "accommodations" in Bucharest while they are filing for their visa with the US Embassy.
After the "visa" is received, the scammer asks for money to buy plane tickets - usually around $700-$1800.
Very often the money request letters are supplemented with her most seductive pictures.
In many cases, by some wonderful coincidence the scammer's mother (father/brother/uncle/best friend) is working in a travel agency or airport. Of course obtaining the visa and tickets for the flight through them would be a natural suggestion. Or the same mother or father is working in a university and can put her in a student exchange group, or something like that. If NOBODY from her family is working in a travel agency, airport or university, she can at least easily arrange her visa at a travel agency near her home.
FYI: American tourist visa CANNOT be obtained through a travel agency in 99.99% of the cases.
"TRAVEL AGENCY" SCAM: Sometimes the scammer suggests using a travel agency that has been "recommended" by her friends or even by the Embassy. The "travel agency" contacts the victim and explains the costs of the visa and tickets for the girl. Usually the indication is that the visa is guaranteed if bought through that agency (which is of course not true because only the Embassy decides which visas are going to be approved). Some of those so-called "travel agencies" even have legit-looking web sites. Of course, the "agencies" are just fake web sites that will become inactive once the scam is complete.
"MONEY LAUNDERING TWIST": If the victim does not have the money, or is too hesitant to send the money to the scammer, the scammer may tell the victim that she (or her brother / friend / co-worker) has some business in the USA and has some personal checks that need to be cashed. The scammer suggests to the victim that she would mail the checks to him, he would cash it for her and send the money back to her via Western Union. If the victim complies, the checks will bounce, but the scammer will be long-gone with the money from western Union transfer.
Most scammers indicate to the victim, that a Tourist Visa is the best way to travel to the victim's country and that obtaining that visa would take about 5-15 days. While for some countries it may be true, it is certainly not true for the United States of America.
Some scammers claim they can come on a student or work visa. Though there have been girls who were able to obtain student and tourist visas, I would suggest you still steer clear from these offers as well. The chances that she can obtain such a visa are minimal, but the risks that you are being set up for a scam are huge.
We have seen at least one case when a scammer indicated to the victim that she could obtain a US fianc饠visa. The tricky scammer knew that the fianc饠visa is the only way she could arrive to the US for future marriage, so she told the victim that it is is the visa she is going to apply for. The rest of the scam was the same as for the usual "travel visa" scam.
THE GUILT TRAP: Recently it is becoming a new trend among scammers to "volunteer" to pay for the documents and even a part of the travel expenses themselves. They will often explain that they have pawned their grandmother's or mother's jewelry, among other valuables, and were able come up with some good amount of money ($100-$300). But all their efforts were not enough to pay for the rest of the expenses, so the scammer would finally "reluctantly" admit her "financial difficulties" to the victim.
If the victim takes the bait and sends the requested amount, the scammer may send them their travel itinerary, flight numbers, etc. Some scammers will also send a scanned picture of their "visa" or "tickets". We have seen many fake visas used in scams. Some of them are of a so-so quality, but some of them are of a perfect quality and even we couldn't tell if it was fake.
FYI: the best way to check whether the visa is valid is to contact the Embassy that supposedly issued that visa.
Phase 4: Milking the victim for money for as long as possible
Once the tickets and the visa are bought, the scammer will wait for a few days. During that time she will tell the victim more and more about her love, her obsession with their first meeting and her plans to marry him.
After a few days of joy and excitement the scammer brings some "bad news". She found out that she would need a travel insurance ("free money") to be able to enter the country! $200, $700 or even more is required to show at the airport (or at her interview at the Embasy) as a "proof" that the girl has "enough money to travel or to return home". Of course, the scammer "did not count" on this expense so the joyful mood is quickly changed to one of desperation and sadness. The scammer turns, once again, to the guy for financial help, promising him that the "insurance" money will only be needed to go through the airport, and once they meet she would return that money to him right away. The victim, who already paid once, is likely to agree to pay for the insurance.
After all possible preparations are done, the "tickets" and the "insurance" are "paid" for, and the scammer already pocketed $300-$1200, things may go one of two ways.
The scammer is most likely to try to continue "milking" the victim for additional amounts. For example, she can sadly announce that
something terrible happened with the money (the money got stolen from her purse at work, in some public transportation, or on her way out from Western Union office)
her dear mommy got hit by a car / her daddy had a heart attack, so the money was needed for the hospital immediately, etc;
she got hit by a car on the way to the airport
she got robbed on the way to the airport;
she got robbed AND beaten up by some mean taxi driver, or street people, or something like that, on the way to the airport
some scammers get creative and tell the victim that they got stopped in the airport for trying to leave the country with an illegal art item (and icon or a painting she wanted to give her beloved guy as a present), and their money was confiscated by the security people.
If she was robbed, all the girl's documents including the visa and the tickets and the insurance money will be gone without a trace. The scammer will "come back empty-handed" to the victim, crying and beating herself up for being "stupid and careless", but will right away ask for forgiveness and money to start the visa/tickets process all over again.
If the girl got hit by a car or beaten up by the bad street people on her way to the airport, the girl's " relative" ("mom", "sister", "aunt", even "friend") will write to the victim explaining "the tragedy" that happened. Sometimes ever a "doctor" will write explaining the extensiveness of the girl's injuries and the costs of the treatment. The victim may even send some money for hospital bills.
However some scammers disappear after getting their first visa/tickets money and never re-appear again. Maybe they have a conscience, or maybe they just don't think anyone would fall for the same trick twice.
Since some people actually DO send money for visa/tickets/insurance twice and even three times, the scammer will go on with her terrible accidents for as long as the man does not loose his patience or wise up, and then of course she will disappear
Phase 5: The disappearing act
Some scammers will start getting out of the relationship little by little. They will start to write only once a week, then once every two weeks, and even less (claiming that their work keeps them too busy to write). Others disappear on the way to the first meeting and reappear a week or two later with a very sad story of being beaten and robbed by a taxi driver.
Sooner or later most victims realize that they are being taken advantage of and stop sending money. The scammer usually gets away with anywhere from $500 to $2000.
How do I spot a scam?
Actually, in most cases it is not difficult at all, and if you know what things to look for, you will be almost scam-proof on your own.
She contacts you first. Especially if the membership on the dating site is not free.
She says that it is her first attempt to find romance online, and that she picked your profile because she liked it
She sends you a picture or two with almost every letter
Lots of her pictures are pretty enticing so to speak. Pictures of her laying on her bed (and giving you "come and take me" look), in her bra, nude covering her breasts with her hands, unbuttoning her shirt, winking at you while laying naked in bed, in bikini on a beach, swimming in water, showing off her boobs, raising her skirt, turning her nude back to you, etc. In general, pictures are posed as to seduce a guy. Watch out, that's a huge warning sight. The more pictures of that kind she sends, the bigger the chance that she is up to no good. Sincere ladies save those kind of pictures until much later in the relationship.
Her pictures has numbers corresponding with the number of the letter (ex. 2.1, 2.3, 2.4 etc). This is usually a clear indication of pre-written correspondence.
Her pictures have names like "Hello" or "I_love_you", or "I miss you".
The file name of her pictures has a different first name than her own (ex; "Angela7.jpg" when your girl's name is Ana)
Her pictures have numbers next to them exceeding 5 or 10 (like Veronica_C.15.jpg). Very few real girls have so many pictures available or ever fewer giving them numeric names.
Her life story is very sad. Her mom died during the child delivery, or her dad died in the line of duty as a policemen, or her dad abandoned the family, or something like that. She tells you that in her first or second letter.
She has a friend who met a guy from Germany, she got her visa and now she lives in Germany with her beloved.
Since a lot of correspondence needs to be handled, most of their letters are prewritten. In fact, we believe that the scammers have at least 50 different prewritten letters, to fit lots of situations. This is their weakest point, since once we have a couple of examples of any particular scammer "letters", we can easily spot them again among hundreds of other letters.
Because the letters are prewritten, they are VERY generic.Most of the time they just create the appearance of a personal letter, and as such consist mainly of long descriptions of what happened today, the "girl's" favorite things to do, weather conditions, relationships with her mom, etc ("today I have been eating a fruit salad. I love fruit salads and eat then often").
The girl's is very fluent in English
The letters are very long and fancy.
The girl writes poetry in English
The questions you ask will not be answered in the middle if the letter, but maybe as a P.S. note or as a few first or last lines.
Your name will not appear in the letter. Instead, there will be lots of "sweet darling", "my new friend", "honey", "my love" and anything like this. Your name will be only mentioned once or twice at the beginning or the end of the letter.
Your name may appear in a different font than the rest of the letter. (ex, "Hello, my friend FRED")
Sometimes the questions you have asked don't get answered at all, or are answered a few letters later - sometimes because there is too much correspondence going on the girl forgets who asked what, or sometimes because you asked the "wrong" questions.
She asks you to excuse her for not answering your questions because "her English is not very good"
The girl asks you some questions you have discussed before (for example, she would ask you if you like this and that while you have told her before that you do or do not like it).
The girl will make some little mistakes like mentioning different dates of her birthday, or different color of her eyes or hair, than the girl in the picture has.
The girl will sign her letter with a different female name (several scammers actually did they - they much have too much correspondence going on to pay attention). If asked about that slip up, she will explain it away somehow, like it is her Christian name which is different from her real name, etc.
The girl will start to develop some strong feelings toward you within an unusually short period of time - less than 2 weeks of correspondence. Honest Roumanian girls are very careful and guarded when talking about their feelings. Usually the words "love" and "marriage" will come not earlier than a few months of knowing each other closely. They do not fall in love from the first picture.
The girl will start sending you kisses and call you "darling" or "sunshine" or "my best friend" after 2-3 letters
The girl will sign her letters: "your love Veronica" or "your princess Veronica" or "your future wife Veronica" within a week or two of starting the correspondence.
The girl will talk a lot about trust and understanding, telling you that she always trusts people she is dealing with. That is supposed to make you think that she herself is a very honest person.
Her "love" will grow fast and strong with every single letter and in a couple of weeks or so she will be completely crazy about you. Again, this would be very unusual for honest Roumanian girls who know that real feelings need time to develop and to be tested.
She will mention that her friends and colleagues at work started to notice that she daydreams a lot and suggested that she may be in love.
She will start sending more and more revealing pictures of herself or describe her sexual dreams about you. You can ask yourself who made those erotic pictures and for what purpose - or ask her, and see what she answers. Just for your information - the vast majority of Roumanian girls would never even think of sending a picture of themselves in their underwear to a person they hardly know. They probably wouldn't have such pictures at all.
The girl will start describing an urgent desire to meet you in person within a month or so of correspondence.
The girl will start imagining your first meeting (usually when SHE arrives at the airport) in great detail with lots of sexual hints (passionate kisses, "embracing you gently", "feeling your body under your clothes", etc)
Your suggestion of coming to her country to meet her first is for some reason rejected. For example, the girl can tell you that traveling to Roumania is too dangerous for you, or that she "does not like Roumania". Very strong scammer alert - usually honest girls would prefer if you would come to visit them first, so they could introduce you to their family and make sure that you are what you say and you yourself are not a scam. Proof of a face-to-face meeting within the past two years is required for obtaining a US K-1 fianc饠visa.
She says she will get a tourist visa (B1). It is pretty much impossible for a marriage-age Roumanian woman to obtain a US, Canada or UK tourist visa. Please check with your country's Embassy for more information!
She says that she can get a fiancee visa. That is not possible for her to go without you filing the paperwork with your Embassy first.
She says she will get a tourist visa through a travel agency
She says that her visa would take only a couple of weeks to obtain.
Your suggestion of obtaining a different kind of visa (for example, a fianc饠visa) will be for some reason rejected. For example, the girl will tell you that a US fianc饠visa would take too long, while a tourist visa is very fast and easy. Exactly the opposite is true.
The girl's family member or friend is working in a travel agency or airport.
The girl's family member or friend is working in a university and can place her on the student exchange program.
The girl already has a tourist or work visa, but she doesn't have the money to buy the tickets or pay for the "insurance".
The girl goes ahead and applies for a visa without discussing it with you. This way she can be sure that the talk about money for the visa is inescapable. This is a very strong "scammer" signal since no honest girl in her right mind will apply for a visa without discussing it with you first. The honest girl would probably not even know how to apply for a visa. Most probably, an honest girl would leave the problem of obtaining a visa for her to you ("it's your country, so you figure out the best way to bring me over"). Visit your country's embassy web site to get familiar with the necessary processes which are required before the application for a visa can be made, and you will be amazed how easily it is to catch a liar on this point. Or call an immigration attorney to ask him what he thinks about your "fianc饧s" decision. He will tell you.
The girl went ahead and paid some amount already, so the process would begin (usually $100-$500 of her own "reserve" money... or she sold her mother's wedding ring, or borrowed the money from her best friend...). That's what we call the GUILT TRAP. This way she can be almost sure that you will definitely send the rest of the sum needed for visa, so her own invested money would not get wasted.
The girl ordered the tickets without asking you what date she should arrive on.
The girl pawned some of her jewelry to pay for a "deposit" for the tickets. BTW, you can't buy tickets in installments. And there are no "cash deposits" on plane tickets, either.
She gives you VERY detailed instructions about sending money via Western Union. ("You will need my full name - and it is such and such. Then they will give you a 10-digit number. I will need this number to receive the money"). Why is she so familiar with the process? Her "friend" has received money this way from her fianc鮮. Or works in a bank. Or something.. ;-) Again, very easy point to notice. Ask a few hundred common Roumanian girls what they know about receiving the money through Western Union, and a very few of them will have any idea of what Western Union is. But scammers do know Western Union's requirements very well.
The name of the receiver of the money is not her own or does not exactly match her name (for example "Andrei" (men's name) instead of "Andreea" (woman's name); or "Adrian" (men's name) vs. "Adriana" (women's name))
She tells you that her passport is being processed at the Embassy and she can't receive the money herself. So she suggest that her mother/father/ sister/ friend receives the money for her.
If you offer to buy tickets for her online using your credit card, she insists on buying them herself with cash. She can claim that she will get them cheaper through a travel agency, or that "requirements" are that she buys the tickets herself, or that the mail in Roumania does not work well and purchased tickets may get lost in the mail.
If you do not send the money at her request she starts writing to you much less than before. The scammer is not going to waste time on "smart" (or "cheap", as they call them) victims. But they will still keep the correspondence going just in case you change your mind.
If you do send the sum required, the announcement of some unexpected additional expenses comes shortly. It may be an increase in the cost of the tickets, need for additional "travel insurance" money, some problems with the visa process, some terrible tragedy with girl's relatives, she got robbed on the way to the airport, or the money just got stolen. The problems are usually unexpected and not the girl's fault.
Since you started sending money, some evil eye is on the girl and her family. The money got stolen again and again, her mother is hit by a car and needs an operation, she herself got a heart attack and is dieing in hospital without necessary medications.... the only way out is stop sending the money before her family becomes completely extinct! ;-)
Unlikely but possible. Do not send her money just yet. Ask her to provide more details on the University that she is going to come to study at, and then contact that University. I am sure that if they have some kind of student exchange program in place, they will be happy to tell you about it. Also, you can contact the Embassy that issued that visa to confirm that the visa is valid.
She cannot file for a fianc饠visa if the two of you have never met before. One of the requirements for the fianc饠visa is a personal meeting within the last two years. And YOU will have to file lots of paperwork before she can even fill out her application.
Unlikely but possible. Do not send her money without verification of the validity of her visa. Ask her to send you a scanned picture of her visa and then contact the Embassy that issued that visa to confirm that the visa is valid.
Some ladies offer to come on a work visa and then to get a fianc饠visa later. You will still be asked to pay for travel expenses.
Well, if she placed a half of dozen of those ads in different catalogs before, she may not remember to remove them later. Also, the agencies may keep selling her address for their own profits. You may try to "reply" to her existing listings under different names/e-mail address, and see what happens.
This may be the complete truth - Internet-cafes DO cost a lot, and the average salary in Russia is $100 - $120 per month. Even given that an hour in the Internet cafe costs only $50 cents (more often more than that), how much must she love you to spend a third of her monthly income to be able to write you each month?
But if this is one of the FIRST things she mentions in her very first letters, then it is a scam-alert. Usually honest girls will wait until some degree of relationship has started to develop to get brave enough to mention that some support is needed.
Unless it is a scheduled membership renewal - yes, it is a strong scam alert. Ask the agency to give you the girl's address or phone so you could contact her on your own. If they refuse to do so, just stop using that agency . If your desire to continue your correspondence with the girl is still very strong, we may be able find out if the "girl" exists at all and to locate her address and phone if possible.
We would say it is a usual scam indication. But if the letters are very personal and have all your questions answered in detail and do not have any other scam-symptoms, then it might just be that person's manner of speaking.
If there ARE other scam-symptoms in the letters, then you may wish to be careful with that person.
Of course there IS a possibility that one of the girl's friends really works in a travel agency, but we would suggest you keep your eyes open for other scam-alert signals. If you would like to know for sure - ask the girl for the name of the agency her friend works for, and see what the girl says. If she gives you the name of the agency her friend is supposed to work for, then we can check that agency for you easily.
Well, it is the second most often used reason for scammers to ask for money, but we would not rush to place her on our black list just because of that. In her particular situation this may be the complete truth. Many people's parents (especially if they are pretty old already) do get very ill and do need an expensive treatments and drugs. We suggest you go though all black lists you can find and make sure that your friend is not on one of them already. If you didn't find her on any black list, but still would like to find out for sure how her mom is doing, we could check it for you. And if her mom is really as ill as she says, then we would suggest you help your Roumanian friend if you like her a lot, and if you are in stable financial condition yourself. That will probably mean a lot to her. If the story with mommy's illness turns out to be a lie, then you will know exactly with whom you are dealing.
Unless you recently won Mr. Universe and lots of girls everywhere are crazy about you - it IS probably a scam. Check all black lists and send us copies of her letters, if you wish. We can compare her letters to a few hundreds of other scammers letters and see if we find your Roumanian admirer in our database.
50/50 scammer possibility. Many girls in Roumania do prefer dating older men and 10-20 years difference is VERY common. But be aware that many scammers commonly prey on older western men, since they are considered to be a pretty easy target.
What you can do to try to make sure she is not a scammer: 1) Check all black lists to see if the girl's pictures are already there. 2) If you didn't find anything that way, try to write to her under a different name and use a different age, mention that you are making a good living, and ready to support your new Roumanian friend. See what she will do.
She may be a scammer or may be a girl in a very poor financial situation, who desperately tries to get your help.
To see what kind of person it is you may just mention that you are in a bad financial situation yourself and would love to help her with money but cannot at the moment. If she is as attracted to your personality, as she says, then she will understand (and in that case I would suggest you do help her at least with the money for her Internet costs). If she is there just for the money, her letters will become less and less loving, and she will probably drop the correspondence.
Yes, big possibility of a "copy and paste" scammer. They use prewritten letters and take pieces of them as they need. Check all black lists very carefully, and consider writing the girl using a different name. See if her letters will change.
May be a scammer using someone's picture. If you would like to get more of her pictures, order a surprise flower delivery for her. Ask the delivery agency to make a picture of the addressee upon delivery. If the girl will refuse to let them make a photo, something is definitely wrong.
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